JOHN HANCOCK His handwritten March 1783 letter as Governor of Massachusetts, instructing a garrison commander to forbid a ship full of Tories to disembark, requiring them to sail instead for New York (still in British hands) Autograph Letter, unsigned, 1 page, 7¾x12. Written as Governor. Boston, Massachusetts, 1783 March 27. To William Gordon, Commander of the Garrison in Dartmouth. In full: "I have this moment received your Letter by Express, giving information of the arrival of a Flag with a Number of Persons on board who were desirous of remaining some time at Dartmouth. I have laid the state of this Flag before the Council, & in consequence of their advice you are hereby Directed upon no pretense whatever, to suffer any of the Persons or any of the Effects brought in the Flag to be Landed at Dartmouth, or in any other place, but that you give immediate Directions for the Departure of the Flag with the Persons, & their effects to New York, and that after the Receipt of this Letter you make a point of Embracing the first fair wind to put her under Sail for New York, as no circumstance can possibly induce me to Deviate from this order. I am Sir your very humble servant. read more...

FITZ JOHN PORTER Court-martialed after Second Bull Run, the Union officer defends his actions to Robert E. Lee's biographer and tells of his long friendship with the Confederate General. Important ALS: "F.J. Porter", 3¼ p, New York, 1870 January 22. To General Robert E. Lee's former Aide-de-Camp, Colonel Charles Marshall, who at the time was in the midst of writing an autobiography of his experiences with the General: An Aide-De-Camp of Lee, Being The Papers of Colonel Charles Marshall. Marshall corresponded with many of Lee's subordinates in an effort to collect their correspondences with Lee for reference and publication in the book. Porter had known Lee since his boyhood and was "close to him" in the Mexican War and "at West Point, where for a time I [Porter] was his adjt". General Lee died just nine months after this letter. Porter writes, in full: "I have yours- and thank you. The opinions quoted in my 'data' are all from original letters - I had Genl Lee's written permission to use his letters, whenever I deemed read more...

GEORGE WASHINGTON This extremely rare undated note, handwritten to his wife Martha, was sent in response to a suggestion by her nephew John Dandridge Autograph Note Signed in Text: with "General" and "Washington" in text. Penned and signed on verso: "Washington's hand-writing./ Jared Sparks". 1 page, 5x4. No place, no date. George Washington transcribes a letter his wife Martha wrote, then adds a comment. In full: "I have communicated [crossed-out words] the contents of your letter to the General, who readily consents to comply with your request and will, accordingly send the Bonds to Mr. B. Bassett, to bring such thereon. N.B. The above was given in answer by Mrs. Washington to the proposition of Mr. Jno Dandridge". General Washington had started to write "Dandridge" after "Mrs." but then changed the "D" to a "W" and penned his wife's name. BURWELL BASSETT (1734-1793) was married to Martha Washington's sister, Anna Maria. In addition, their daughter read more...

ANTICIPATING NOT BEING ABLE TO PAY A BILL, JUDGE JACKSON INFORMS HIS DEBTOR AND RECOMMENTDS A PLAN TO HONOR THE DEBT.   ANDREW JACKSON. ALS: "Andrew Jackson" as Judge and farmer, 1p, 7½x12½ inlaid on 9½x13¼ sheet. Wythe, (Tennessee), 1804 April 15. Integral leaf addressed by Jackson to: "Colo Francis Preston/Salt Works". No postal markings. In full: "On yesterday I called at your house and expected to have had the pleasure of seeing you there, was informed by Mrs. Preston you were at your iron works. I had a wish to have seen you upon the subject of the iron and castings, and receive information in whose possession they were stored. I am fearful there will not be a sufficient levell (sic) in the river this Spring to carry them to Nashville. Should this be the case if an opportunity should offer I wish them to be sold for cost and carriage and even less rather than a disappointment should take place in the payment to be made to you. The failure of crops in Cumberland will read more...

ADOLF HITLER The "Führer" thanks Germany's chief arms manufacturer for raising money from other industrialists for support of the Nazi Party. Typed Letter signed: "A Hitler" as Führer, 1 page, 8x10. Berlin, 1934 December 15. On his personal letterhead to Krupp von Bohlen-Hallbach. In German, fully translated: "Regarding the meeting which Mr. Hess had with you recently, I want to thank you for your effort in connection with the Adolf Hitler Donation during the past year. Simultaneously I ask you, for at least in the coming year kindly again to stay at the head of the board of trustees, if you at a later time want to have the administration of the Adolf Hitler Donation to hand over to someone else. As Mr. Hess already emphasized, by all means I lay value on it that at least in the foreseeable future the Adolf Hitler Donation of German Industry remains alive. I want to reserve the decision about the time at which the appropriate contribution for the National Socialist movement will be funded in other ways. With German greetings, Your obedient servant". Accompanied by: (1) color 4x6 and (1) b/w 3½x5¼ picture postcard of the "Führer" in military uniform. read more...

GENERAL GEORGE ARMSTRONG CUSTER 3-page text, unsigned but entirely in his hand, explaining the rules of croquet. While it is extremely unusual to find Custer writing on a sport not directly related to his military duties, Custer, his wife Libbie, and his soldiers did entertain themselves with croquet and similar sports in idle times at their military posts. Autograph Manuscript, unsigned, 3 pages, 7½x9½. No place, no date. In full: I. In commencing to play, each player, in their proper turn, places their ball at a distance from the starting post equal to twice the length of their mallet. II. The order of the wickets is as follows. Leaving the starting post players will take the 1st wicket, then the middle wicket from left to right, then the three wickets on the right of the table in their proper order. Then the middle wicket from right to left, then the wicket nearest to the turning post. Then the turning post, then the wicket nearest the turning post. Then the middle wicket from right to left. Then the three wickets in left side of table in their proper order. Then the middle wicket from left to right, then the wicket nearest starting post. III. read more...

JEFFERSON DAVIS and JUDAH P. BENJAMIN As Confederate President and Secretary of War, both signed this printed document on vellum, commissioning privateers to wage war against the US on the high seas. This copy was signed but never used. Printed early in the war, it includes a handwritten correction of the location of the CSA capital, with Montgomery struck out and Richmond written in. Partly Printed DS: "Jefferson Davis" as President of the Confederate States of America and "J.P. Benjamin" as Secretary of State, 1 page, 16½x11¾. On vellum. Montgomery Richmond, 1864 January 8. In full, with blanks not filled in: "Know Ye, That by virtue of the power vested in my by law, I have commissioned, and do hereby commission, have authorized, and do hereby authoriz[e]____or vessel called the_____ [missing] particularly described in the schedule hereunto annexed,) read more...

JOSEPH STALIN, KLIMENT VOROSHILOV, and KIRILL MERETSKOV With war looming in 1938, Stalin signs a key document reorganizing a Red Army recently beset by his devastating purges! Extremely rare! Document signed (in Cyrillic alphabet): "S", "K. Voroshilov", "K. Meretskov", 3 pages, 7½x12. Moscow, 1938 July 14. Initialed by Stalin on p1, countersigned by Voroshilov and Meretskov (as Secretary) on p3. Headed: "Top Secret Copy No 1 Protocol No 12 of the meeting of the Chief Council of War of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army". In Cyrillic script, with accompanying English translation. Decisions of a meeting held that day, attended by Stalin, Voroshilov, [Foreign Minister Vyacheslav] Molotov, and by five high-ranking army generals: [Efim] Shchadenko, [Boris] Shaposhnikov, [Aleksandr] Loktionov, [Dimitrii] Pavlov, and [Kirill] Meretskov (who also signed the document as Secretary). The document provides detailed instructions for reorganizing Soviet military commands in the Kiev Special read more...

NEIL ARMSTRONG Two years before his first spaceflight, and five years before he set the first human foot on the moon, Armstrong fills out a flight plan, preparing to pilot a NASA jet from Ohio to Texas. Document signed twice: "N. A. Armstrong", 1 page, 8x12¾. Port Columbus, Naval Air Station [Ohio], 1964 June 25. Department of Defense flight aircraft clearance form. Details filled in by another hand, including mileage, transponder code, and equipment, but Armstrong has penned this notation: "Request radar vector climb on course." Armstrong plans to pilot a T-33 ("Shooting Star") aircraft from Port Columbus to Ellington Air Force Base in Texas, by way of Dayton. The co-pilot is J. F. Stegall, another NASA employee. Civilian Neil Alden Armstrong (1930-2012) had entered the U.S. space program as a senior NASA research pilot in 1962. A fan of aviation from the age of nine, Armstrong had his pilot's license by the age of 16, and, after studying aeronautical engineering at Purdue for two years, went to Pensacola, Florida for Navy flight training. Serving in Korea at the age of 21, Armstrong flew 78 combat missions and won three Air Medals. read more...