SAMUEL F.B. MORSE and SARAH E. MORSE The two sign a 3-page, handwritten 1863 letter to their son Willy, away at school Autograph letter signed: "Yr Affectionate Father/Saml F.B. Morse" and "Your loving mother/S.E. Morse", 1 page, 4½x7½. 5 West 32nd Street, 1863 November 22. To their son Willy. Samuel F. B. Morse married his second wife, Sarah Elizabeth Griswold, in 1848. In a three-page letter, Mrs. Morse writes about family affairs, about his pet "Spottie is full of mischief. He tears many things that comes in his way." She tells him she is "going to have somethings on Christmas" wanting to know if he has "enough handkerchiefs...." Beneath his wife's signature, Morse writes, in part: "I add a few lines to your dear mother's letter. She says the truth when she says she thinks of you every day. Both you & dear Arthur are constantly in our thoughts...You must do all you can to please Mrs. Charles, Mrs. Fay and the other teachers and be diligent in your Studies...." Samuel Finley Breese Morse (1791-1872) was an American painter and inventor. While attending Yale College Morse painted for a living and later studied art in Europe.

JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER and HENRY FLAGLER The businessmen who retired in the same year signed this stock certificate concerning 20 shares Stock Certificate signed: "J.D. Rockefeller" as President, "H M Flagler" as Secretary and "JA Bostwick" as Treasurer, 15x7½. New York, 1883 August 10. Certificate No. 713 certifying "that Walter B. Mossman is entitled to Twenty Shares in the equity to the property held by the Trustees of the Standard Oil Trust...." Original transfer certificate, dated 1892 April 9, affixed ?. Each share was valued at $100. Vignette of the U.S. Capitol building at top center, giving the shareholder the false impression that the U.S. government had something to do with the Trust. John D. Rockefeller and Henry M. Flagler, as President and Secretary of the Board of Trustees, signed this 10-share certificate of the Standard Oil Trust in 1883, the year following the formation of this, the first industrial monopoly in U.S. history.

P.T. BARNUM The great showman will send a bear and hyena that died at his circus' winter quarters to his taxidermist to be mounted or "skeletonized" for display at Tufts' Barnum Museum and mentions Jumbo, the giant elephant that the recipient will preserve less than three years later Autograph letter signed: "P.T. Barnum", 1p, 6x9¾. Bridgeport, 1883 January 14.On pictorial letterhead of "P.T. Barnum's Greatest Show on Earth and the Great London Circus" featuring "Sanger's Royal British Menagerie" and "Great International Allied Shows" to Professor Henry A. Ward. Barnum, J.A. Bailey and J.L. Hutchinson are pictured on the letterhead. In full: "Our folks at Winter Quarters lost a bear & I think a hyena this week. I told them to send them to you by freight train. Please tell Prof. Marth of Tufts about them & ask what you shall do - as I present them to their Museum either to sell to you or have you mount or skeletonize them if they desire at their expense. I remove to New York tomorrow - to Murray Hill Hotel & close Waldemere for the season.

THOMAS A. EDISON.Partly printed historic Manuscript DS: "T.A. Edison," and on a 5-cent Revenue Stamp bearing George Washington's likeness "TAE/Jan 17/1872", 1p, 8½x14. New York, 1872 January 17.The 24-year-old inventor sells the rights to his invention of an improvement in District and Alarm Telegraphs. Edison had been a telegraph operator. At the time of this document, Edison was immersed in devising inventions for the use and improvement of the telegraph. He had also been involved in the improvement of the stock ticker. With the $40,000 he gained from selling some of his stock ticker inventions he was able to establish his Newark, NJ laboratory. His years at Newark (1870-1876) were characterized by a number of telegraph patents and partnerships. The year of this document marked the start of a four-year period during which Edison conducted the manufacturing of telegraphic instruments for Western Union Telegraphic Co. and the Automatic Telegraph Co. He had several workshops in Newark. He worked on and completed the motograph, automatic telegraph system, duplex, quadruplex , sextuplex and multiplex telegraph systems.

JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER 10¼x14, Sepia photograph of the world's first billionaire shown in a suit and tie from the waist up. Photograph signed: "John D Rockefeller/May 7th 1923", Sepia, overall, 8x10 image, one surface. Merchant and businessman John D.Rockefeller, Sr. (1839-1937) established his first oil refinery in 1863 near Cleveland, Ohio. His enterprise became the largest in the region within three years; he incorporated the Standard Oil Company of Ohio in 1870 and bought out all of his major competitors by 1872. Rockefeller was a shrewd - critics claimed unscrupulous - business man - but the only legal problems he faced were anti-monopoly legislation and litigation, which he resisted through the use of holding companies. Rockefeller was the first billionaire, and the richest man of his time. Adjusted for inflation, he may have been the richest man of all time. From 1885 to 1910, he founded four philanthropic institutions, eventually contributing more than one-half billion dollars. The Rockefeller wealth, channeled through several foundations and trusts, remain major philanthropies.

THE GOVERNOR OF MASSACHUSETTS URGES THE PRESIDENT OF NEW HAMPSHIRE TO TAKE THE SAME STEPS AS MASSACHUSETTS HAD TAKEN IN ORDER TO PRESERVE THE FISHING INDUSTRY ON THE MERRIMACK RIVER   JOHN HANCOCK. Autograph Letter, unsigned, 1p, 6¾x9. Boston, 1783 October 31.To "His Excellency Meshech Weare Esqr. President of the State of New Hampshire".Begins: "Sir". In full: "In compliance with the Request of the Two Branches of the General Court I inclose you Two Acts of this Government making provision to prevent the Destruction of Fish by Mill-Dams in Merrimack River & c - As the Design'd [illegible] of this Bill will much Depend upon the measures that shall be Adopted by the Legislature of your State, I am to Request that your Excellency will be pleas'd to lay those Acts before them, and cannot but flatter myself that they will Take such effectual Steps as will ensure the good Effects for which our Govt. Court had in View in passing the Bill - I am with Sentiments of [portion of word crossed out] Esteem, Sir, Your Excellency's Most Obedt & Humbl Servt." Hancock's retained copy of his letter to Weare. Docketed in unknown hand on verso.

SAMUEL F.B. MORSE His signed, handwritten letter to telegraphic expert Robert Sabine (1868), insisting that he be given journal space to refute "Hamel's calumnious paper read before the Society of Arts". ALS: "Saml F.B. Morse, 3 pages, 5x8. Po'keepsie, N.York,1868 August 8. The inventor of the Morse Code who established a telegraph line between Washington, D.C., and Baltimore in 1844 writes to Robert Sabine, Westminster, London. In full: "I began a letter to you on the 18th July in reply to your valuable letter of the 18th of June. I have had so many interruptions since my return that I must defer its completion, until I have finished by Report as Commissioner for my Government. I write now simply to acknowledge your kindness and to thank you for your courtesy, and to promise you at no very distant day the finished letter on Hamel's calumnious paper read before the Society of Arts. The part in which he refers to me, requires a thorough exposure. I do not ask to have it published entire, but I do ask that it be read to the Society, and that it be recorded in their proceedings, with such remarks of their own as their sense of justice may prompt after a proper examination of the case

JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER and HENRY M. FLAGLER John D. Rockefeller and Henry M. Flagler sign stock certificate for fifty shares. Stock Certificate signed: "J.D. Rockefeller" as President, "H.M. Flagler" as Secretaryand "J.A. Bostwick" as Treasurer of the Standard Oil Trust, 1p, 11¾x7½ with 4¼x7½ receipt portion attached at left, New York, 1884 May 6. Certifying that "Martin Snider is entitled to Fifty shares in the equity to the property held by the Trustees of the Standard Oil Trust...." Each share was valued at $100. The certificate was cancelled on February 10, 1898. This bond was sold by Snider, who has signed on verso, to Strong, Sturgis & Co. in 1891. The Standard Oil Trust, created in January 1882, placed all stocks and properties of over a dozen oil companies (including Rockefeller's Standard Oil Company of Ohio) into the control of nine trustees of which Rockefeller owned over a third of the combined holdings. The trust was dissolved by court decree in 1892. The patriarch of the Rockefeller family had organized Standard Oil Co. in 1870.

JOHN HANCOCK His handwritten March 1783 letter as Governor of Massachusetts, instructing a garrison commander to forbid a ship full of Tories to disembark, requiring them to sail instead for New York (still in British hands) Autograph Letter, unsigned, 1 page, 7¾x12. Written as Governor. Boston, Massachusetts, 1783 March 27. To William Gordon, Commander of the Garrison in Dartmouth. In full: "I have this moment received your Letter by Express, giving information of the arrival of a Flag with a Number of Persons on board who were desirous of remaining some time at Dartmouth. I have laid the state of this Flag before the Council, & in consequence of their advice you are hereby Directed upon no pretense whatever, to suffer any of the Persons or any of the Effects brought in the Flag to be Landed at Dartmouth, or in any other place, but that you give immediate Directions for the Departure of the Flag with the Persons, & their effects to New York, and that after the Receipt of this Letter you make a point of Embracing the first fair wind to put her under Sail for New York, as no circumstance can possibly induce me to Deviate from this order. I am Sir your very humble servant.